Lucca's long history goes back to Etruscan and Ancient Roman times, and the city retains pieces of Ancient architecture. Lucca's great era was in the Gothic era just before the Renaissance, and the city contains much marvelous architecture from that era. Lucca remained an independent city state until the end of the 18th century.Giacomo Puccini, one of italian worldwide known opera composer, was born in Lucca in 1858. His most famous operas were La Bohème, Madama Butterfly, Tosca, Turandot.The area of most interest to visitors is still enclosed within the old city defensive wall. The top of these broad walls is a ring park, a pleasant place for walking. http://wikitravel.org/en/Lucca